INS and type 1 diabetes mellitus: From (3, 30), this strategy has been adopted by the current commercial AP systems on the market like MiniMed 780G (CE and FDA approval), Diabeloop (CE approval), Tandem t:slim X2 (FDA approval, CE approval in progress) and Omnipod Horizon (FDA approval in progress) where the bolus strategy involves assistance from the T1D patient, i.e. the patient has to calculate carbohydrate intake to precisely dose insulin boluses.