TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: To further substantiate this conclusion, we tested two additional ADAM protease‐targeting inhibitors, apratastat (TMI‐005) and DPC‐333 (BMS‐561392), which efficiently reduce the ADAM17‐mediated shedding of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) in humans (Qian et al, 2007; Shu et al, 2011) and were tested in phase 2 clinical trials for rheumatoid arthritis (Moss et al, 2008).