TNF and cancer: The main pathway included pathways in cancer, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, proteoglycans in cancer, TNF signaling pathway, Hepatitis B, MAPK signaling pathway, Estrogen signaling pathway, influenza A, prostate cancer and hepatitis C. Combined with previous reports, there were three known therapeutic pathways for OP, including PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and Estrogen signaling pathway62–64.