INS and diabetes mellitus: The covariate unadjusted analysis indicated that patients that were female, 41–60 years old, 61–80 years old, >81 years old, had diabetes (Noninsulin-dependent), diabetes (Insulin-dependent), ventilator dependence, severe COPD, congestive heart failure, hypertension, renal failure, disseminated cancer, open wound infections, steroid use, preoperation transfusions, emergency cases, levels of Na, BUN, WBCs, HCT, PLTs and durations of operation were positively associated with postoperative 30-day mortality.