HMOX1 and liver dysplastic nodule: To accumulate in the nucleus, Nrf2 is detached from Keap 1 and activates the expression of ARE-driven genes such as HO-1 and NQO1.53,54 In addition, upregulation of GST was found to occur via an antioxidant regulation mechanism in response to oxidative stress.55 Therefore, the activation of Nrf2 may be a method to prevent or slow the progression of DN.