NAFL: nonalcoholic fatty liver; NAFLD: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; GGT: gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; TGs: triglycerides; AST: aspartate aminotransferase; DM: diabetes mellitus; NASH: nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; HAIR: hypertension, ALT, insulin resistance. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.