NFKB1 and renal fibrosis: Similarly, it was found that lncRNA Gm4419, highly expressed in the cytoplasm of MCs in HG and kidney tissue of DN mice, could directly interact with P50 (the subunit of NF-κB) to activate the NF-κB pathway, and further increased the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome, along with increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines including MCP-1, IL-1β, and TNF-α and renal fibrosis-related proteins including FN and col-IV (Yi et al., 2017).