IL17A and atherosclerosis: Figure 1 shows the roles of IL-17 in both psoriasis and atherosclerosis (66). Heterodimeric receptors consisting of different members of the IL-17R family (IL-17RA to IL-17RE) activate the IL-17 signaling pathway upon binding to IL-17 (66). All subunits of the IL-17R family have a widespread expression pattern, with IL-17RA being ubiquitous (53, 66).