Dietary sodium is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract primarily by the Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3) and when the blood is filtered by the kidneys, NHE3 in the proximal tubule is chiefly responsible for >50% of sodium reabsorption, highlighting its important role in the regulation of physiological sodium and fluid balance, blood pressure homeostasis, and the pathophysiology of hypertension (Schultheis et al., 1998a,b; Wang et al., 1999; Zhuo and Li, 2013; Li et al., 2015a,b). This evidence concerns the gene SLC9A3 and Hypertension.