Consistent with group allocation, participants within the CKD group had higher fasting levels of serum creatinine, urea, phosphate, PTH and iFGF23, and lower fasting eGFR, serum albumin, bicarbonate and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Fasting serum total calcium and magnesium were comparable between groups. Here, PTH is linked to chronic kidney disease.