Altogether, the findings obtained in our study highlight a novel downstream target, SCARA5, of miR-331-3p and elaborate on the underlying molecular mechanism that miR-331-3p in CAFs-derived EVs exerts its oncogenic function by regulating the SCARA5/FAK axis in PC (Figure 8), which can be harnessed in the future as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of PC. The gene discussed is SCARA5; the disease is pachyonychia congenita.