TAO, thyroid-associated orbitopathy; GD, Graves’ disease; HT, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis; ET, euthyroid; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone; FT4, free thyroxine; TSAb, TSH-R stimulating antibodies; The Thyretain TSAb functional bioassay cut-off is at 140 SRR% (specimen-to-reference ratio) and for Siemens bridge and Roche ECLIA binding assay cut-off is at 0.55 IU/L and 1.75 IU/L, respectively. The gene discussed is TSHR; the disease is hematocrit.