This will lead to increased production of cytokines and activation of pro-inflammatory substances (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and blood levels of IL-6) which are elevated in obese patients and causing pain [21]. There is also a stronger association between LBP and abdominal obesity as compared to LBP with generalized obesity [22]. Current literature also shows that smoking and a sedentary lifestyle increase the risk of LBP, however, this information was missing in our pre-designed software database. Here, TNF is linked to Abdominal obesity.