Compared with healthy controls, miR-24-3p, miR-222-3p, miR-361-5p, miR-1246 and miR-181a-5p showed differential expression in the hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis (HTAP) group, and the detection of serum samples revealed that these miRNAs were associated with inflammatory factors (procalcitonin (PCT), IL-1β, IL-6). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and hypertriglyceridemia.