Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors have been the first-line treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), diabetic macular oedema (DMO) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO) since their efficacy was first established in the pivotal clinical trials [1–3]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is retinal vein occlusion.