CTNNB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Genomic analyses have revealed that TERT promoter, CTNNB1 (encoding β-catenin) and TP53 (encoding p53) are frequently mutated in HCC, while genes involved in other critical processes, such as oxidative stress response, chromatin remodeling and hepatocyte differentiation, are recurrently mutated but in <10% of HCC2–4.