Differential gene expression of ABCG2, SLC22A12, IL-1β, and ALPK1 in peripheral blood leukocytes of primary gout patients (chronic or acute) correlated with hyperuricemia and its comorbidities, such as dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, kidney disease, and high levels of creatinine in blood. Here, ALPK1 is linked to metabolic syndrome.