One study showed that combined intravenous and intrapancreatic endovascular injection of UC-MSCs with a 5 day interval decreased HbA1c levels and insulin dose in patients with T2DM at 6 months post-treatment (41% of the patients became insulin-independent; 29% of the patients showed reduced insulin requirement by ≥ 50%). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.