TNF and cancer: Here, G-CSF, GM-CSF, transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), TNFα, IFNγ, IFNβ, and IL17 overexpressed by tumor cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and TAM drive the phenotypic switch that promote the reprogramming of neutrophils [6] and upregulate the immunosuppressive capacity of PMN-MDSC arriving from the circulation [18].