Multiple antigens may be capable of initiating and/or contributing to T1D pathogenesis, including hybrid antigens produced in β cells and consisting of covalent fusions between insulin fragments and peptides derived from secretory granule proteins such as chromogranin A and IAPP (Delong et al., 2016; Wiles et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene CHGA and type 1 diabetes mellitus.