A meta-analysis by The Natriuretic Peptides Studies Collaboration involving 40 prospective studies from 12 countries and 95,617 general participants, with no history of CVD, demonstrated that NT-proBNP made an additional contribution to conventional risk factors [age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, history of diabetes, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol] in predicting 10-year risk of the composite of CHD and stroke, and the composite of CHD, stroke, and HF [61]. Here, NPPB is linked to diabetes mellitus.