CACNA1H and osteoarthritis, knee: Thus far, only three studies have investigated spinal dorsal horn neuron T-type channel expression in chronic pain models, one reporting upregulation of Cav3.2 and Cav3.3, but not Cav3.1 within the superficial dorsal horn in a rodent model of neuropathic pain [103], and another describing upregulation of Cav3.2 within the superficial dorsal horn in a model of knee osteoarthritis [104].