It has been proposed that this SNP combined with external stimuli can result in increased IL-1β and IL-18 production (Verma et al. 2012), and IL-1β has been shown to downregulate pTEN by activation of NFκβ in colon cancer (Hai Ping et al. 2016), whilst IL-18 contributes to inflammasome mediated protection against tumorigenesis in colitis patients (Zaki et al. 2010). This evidence concerns the gene IL18 and colitis.