CHRNB3 is a kind of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and a study among Caucasian smokers involving 661 lung ADC cases and 1347 controls found that two CHRNA3 SNPs (rs1051730 and rs12914385) associated with ADC risk had significant indirect effects on lung ADC risk through nicotine dependence.39 This evidence concerns the gene CHRNB3 and nicotine dependence.