Furthermore, five other genes shown to be enriched in the pancreatic beta cells by single cell RNA-sequencing (ADCYAP1, G6PC2, NPTX2, PFKFB2, SYT13) (29, 34) were significantly downregulated in the tissue samples of individuals with recent onset T1D. This evidence concerns the gene NPTX2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.