For this purpose, we have analyzed cfDNA serum levels and their correlation with markers of AKI serum creatinine (SCr), cystatin C, and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL), as well as with biomarkers of TMA and inflammation (ADAMTS13 activity/VWF:Ag (ADAMTS13:VWF) ratio, complement factor 3a (C3a), complement factor 5 a (C5a), soluble membrane attack complex (Scb5-9), LDH, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF- α), C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, fibrinogen, as wells as neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet counts). Here, LCN2 is linked to acute kidney injury.