The importance of NR4A1 and NR4A3 in human myeloid malignancy development is supported by the fact that expression of NR4A1 and NR4A3 is silenced in AML patient samples with distinct cytogenetic abnormalities and their transcription is reduced in patients with MDS, suggesting that actively silencing these genes is an important step in AML development (Majeti et al., 2009; Mullican et al., 2007; Shimizu et al., 2016; Sternberg et al., 2005). Here, NR4A3 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.