However, some melanoma patients have metastatic disease without evident primary lesion (Figure 1B) and in this case, the disease development is associated with immunoediting mechanisms together with loss of immunohistochemical melanocytic markers like S100 protein, HMB-45, Melan-A, SOX10 and MITF (Gyorki et al., 2013; Bankar et al., 2015). The gene discussed is MLANA; the disease is melanoma.