CRP, C-reactive protein; SAA, serum amyloid A; PSD, partial sleep deprivation; CPIR, cephalic phase insulin release; RCT, randomized controlled trial; AI/ANs, American Indians/Alaska Natives; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1; NEFA, non-esterified fatty acid. Here, INS is linked to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.