Figures 6G–K shows that TFAP2A-OE inhibits the effects of solasonine on pancreatic cancer cells to inhibit their proliferation, metastasis and to promote their apoptosis. Besides, TFAP2A-OE elevated GSH and NADPH concentrations, which had been suppressed by solasonine (Figures 6L, M) and activated the protein expressions of OTUB1 and its downstream SLC7A11 as well as GPX4 in PANC-1 and CFPAC-1 cells (Figure 6N). Here, GPX4 is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.