Dysregulated activation of microglia in these brain regions are responsible for the presence of anxiety-like behaviors by upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (Han et al., 2020; Cotrone et al., 2021; Zheng et al., 2021), which are known as potent neuromodulators for synaptic transmission via the microglia-neuron crosstalk (Chen et al., 2018). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Anxiety.