TNF and neoplasm: Pancreatic cancer is typically known as immunologically ‘cold’ tumor; and 3) a large number of cytokines or chemokine produced by both tumor and inflammatory cells, including pro-inflammatory IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-17 and TNFα; the anti-inflammatory IL-10; and the dual-face cytokine transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) (5).