Regarding this, it is worth noting that ZIKV protein NS3 itself potently activates a nuclear poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, PARP1, in HeLa and glioma cells that results in NAD+ depletion and cell death at 48 h post-treatment in the former (Xu et al., 2019). The gene discussed is PARP1; the disease is central nervous system cancer.