ULK4 and mental disorder: In addition, a recent clinical study revealed 2 cases with ULK4 intragenic microdeletion (together with partial microduplication of BRWD3) that showed autistic features (Tassano et al., 2018).Consistently, in the follow-up functional analysis, we have revealed that knockdown of ULK4 altered the activity of Wnt, PKC, MAPK, ERK1/2, and JNK signaling pathways commonly found in human mental disorders, especially schizophrenia (Figure 2).