Additionally, in a recent analysis from the prospective, multinational Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study, the proportions of treatment-naive patients with stages 3–5 CKD and Hb < 10 g/dL prescribed any anemia therapy and ESAs during 12 months of follow-up were 40 and 28%, respectively [22]. Here, GSTM1 is linked to chronic kidney disease.