NOX4 and diabetes mellitus: Diabetes also induced significant increases in the number of NOX2+ (cerebrum: 34 ± 3, p = .003; cerebellum: 18 ± 2, p = .003) (Figure 3C) and NOX4+ (cerebrum: 63 ± 4, p < .0001; cerebellum: 52 ± 9, p = .02) (Figure 3D) blood vessels/cm2 compared with controls.