Interestingly, the non-metastatic NSCLC patients with PD-L1 + CAFs exhibit significantly prolonged relapse-free survival than those with PD-L1- CAFs, and the expression of PD-L1 in CAFs is reversibly regulated by environmental stimuli including IFN γ from activated lymphocytes [109]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.