In mice with Alzheimer’s Disease, artemisinin increases the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and induces phosphorylation of AMPK/GSK3β pathway, then increases the level of antioxidant protein heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) after activating nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which inhibits apoptosis of cortical neurons and activation of glial cells to alleviate learning and memory impairment [22]. The gene discussed is HMOX1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.