Taken together, these preliminary data, in addition to those from previous reports [13, 14], suggest that NECTIN4, as well as ERBB2-directed ADC-based therapies, might be promising for the treatment of HR NMIBC patients, especially for those patients exhibiting luminal-like CIS/T1HG and pure papillary HG tumors without a history of LG disease. The gene discussed is NECTIN4; the disease is in situ carcinoma.