Of relevance, a significant reduction in NECTIN4 expression in the stroma-invasive tumor areas was observed when comparing matched pairs of non-invasive (median H-score: 200, IQR H-score: 270–123) and adjacent stroma-invasive areas (median H-score: 150, IQR H-score: 250–100) from the same CIS/T1HG and pure TaHG/T1HG tissue samples (P < 0.001, Fig. 1B). Here, NECTIN4 is linked to in situ carcinoma.