While prior findings report that brain iron levels are elevated in APOE ε4 carriers [2, 6], here, we show that the ε4-associated change in iron (when directly measured in post-mortem cases) varies according to diagnostic group, with iron being unchanged (with a trend to decrease) in ε4 subjects without AD and higher in ε4 subjects with AD. The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is Alzheimer disease.