IFNL3 and infection: Because concentrations of IFNβ1 and IFNλ3 in supernatants were highest at 48 h following infection, we assessed correlations between supernatant concentrations of these cytokines at 48 h following SARS-CoV-2 WA-01 infection and viral replication at 96 h following infection and observed a significant inverse correlation between supernatant IFNβ1 concentrations and viral replication (r = − 0.53, p = 0.02; Fig. 5A) and a trend toward an inverse correlation between supernatant IFNλ3 concentrations and viral replication (r = − 0.44, p = 0.06, data not shown).