CASP1 and COVID-19: The reduced transcripts were enriched for chemokine and cytokine networks (CXCL10, CXCL8, CCL2), inflammatory (TLR7, NLRP3, CASP1) and anti-viral (MPO, OAS1, OAS2) response, and interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) (IFITM3, IFITM2, IRF7) (Table S1, Extended data Fig. 2c, d), emphasizing the central role of IFN signaling and inflammatory cytokine-chemokines in chronic COVID-19.