Activation of PI3K and Akt has shown to be important for survival of cultured macrophages (Reddy et al., 2002), oligodendrocytes (Shankar et al., 2003; Shankar et al., 2006), neurons (Pierce et al., 2008) as well as cancer cells (Axelrod and Pienta, 2014). This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and cancer.