In the context of cancer, a recent study of patients with non-small cell lung cancer found that CD8 T cells isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were activated by CD100 stimulation ex vivo and that decreased shedding of membrane-bound CD100 from T cells and the resulting decreased levels of circulating soluble CD100 may impair CD8 T cell function in vivo [60]. Here, SEMA4D is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.