INS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: In terms of the glycaemic control parameters, this appraisal found that the probiotic-supplemented NAFLD rodents were presented with reduced HOMA-IR (n = 12/18), FBG (n = 11/17), and fasting insulin (n = 9/13) and/or increased glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) (n = 2/3) (Figure 3A).