In a mouse model of obesity-induced insulin resistance, the percentages of CD4+FoxP3+ Treg cells and NEU1 levels were decreased, while the percentages of CD4+Th17+ cells and the levels of the NEU1-targeting microRNA, miR-23b-3p, were increased, all compared with nonobese controls (290). This evidence concerns the gene NEU1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.