Serum levels of NF‐κB and IL‐6 increased obviously in patients with mild (137.3 ± 13.0 pg/ml, p < .001 and 128.2 ± 7.7 pg/ml, p < .001) and severe EV71‐infection (195.3 ± 11.4 pg/ml, p < .001 and 216.4 ± 11.2 pg/ml, p < .001) compared to levels in uninfected children (108.7 ± 9.8 pg/ml and 58.2 ± 3.8 pg/ml) (Figure 3A, B). The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is infection.