In a small cohort study, Choromańska et al. found in females subjects with obesity Cer(d18:1/16:0), Cer(d18:1/18:0), Cer(d18:1/20:0), Cer(d18:1/22:0), and Cer(d18:1/24:1) to be higher in visceral tissue in relation to subcutaneous tissue in subjects with metabolic syndrome and higher levels of Cer(d18:1/16:0) and Cer(d18:1/18:0) in females with metabolic syndrome compared with females without metabolic syndrome.21 This evidence concerns the gene CBLN1 and Obesity.