This inhibition might attribute to the strong inhibition of Hri (Figs. 3d, 8b), which is another activator of Atf4. Given the contrary profiling pattern between Perk and Hri, which both have an impact on Atf4, the present results can be interpreted as Hri somehow outweighs Perk’s impact on ATF4, at least in the prolonged hypoxia caused by chronic cocaine addiction. The gene discussed is ATF4; the disease is cocaine dependence.