TGM3 and infection: Overall, these data show that injury upregulates the expression of TGase2, while infection upregulates the expression of TGase1, TGase2 and TGase3. Together, with the RNAseq data on periostial hemocytes, circulating hemocytes and abdomen (Table 1), these qPCR data led us to explore whether the three transglutaminases encoded in the A. gambiae genome are involved in heart-associated immune responses.